Pathology of

Intervertebral Discs


This is one of the main causes of back and neck pain.

Discs are prone to degeneration and damage, as they are subjected daily to compressive and torsional loads that gradually break them down.

How Does Disc Degeneration Develop?

As the disc wears down, the gel-like nucleus pulposus loses moisture, leading to a decrease in disc height and potentially causing:

  • Facet joint syndrome (osteoarthritis of the spinal joints)
  • Lateral foraminal stenosis (narrowing of the openings for spinal nerve roots)

In addition, degenerative changes make the outer fibrous ring more brittle, increasing the risk of cracks and tears that can lead to disc protrusions and herniations. A bulging or herniated disc often compresses spinal nerves, causing sharp pain and radiculopathy.

Damaged intervertebral discs rarely heal, as they remain under pressure even at rest. Decompression—reducing pressure within the disc—is considered the optimal condition for disc recovery.

What Is Decompression and How Does It Work?
Explained by manual therapist, Dr. Roman Gudel
The History of Traction Methods Development
Robotic Spinal Decompression
Modern medicine is actively adopting robotic technologies for the treatment of spinal disorders.

Spinal decompression is a procedure aimed at reducing pressure on spinal nerve roots and the spinal cord. Traditionally, it has been performed manually (manual therapy, traction tables) or surgically (microdiscectomy, laminectomy). However, the complexity of these techniques and the high risk of complications during treatment and rehabilitation have led to the development of automated robotic systems capable of delivering excellent therapeutic results through non-invasive methods.

One such innovative system is McBrothers ROBOSPINE—a robotic platform designed for precise and safe spinal decompression.
This system enables effective treatment of intervertebral disc herniation, spinal canal stenosis, disc protrusions, and other degenerative changes, while minimizing the risk of complications and reducing rehabilitation time.
Robotic decompression is an automated spinal traction procedure controlled by an intelligent system that:
  • Accurately executes the direction and force of traction
  • Eliminates human error and variability
  • Adapts to the patient’s individual anatomical features

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How Does the Treatment Work?
Diagnosis
The patient first consults with a physician. The doctor makes a diagnosis and develops a treatment protocol, specifying the target areas, decompression force, and movement vector for the system.
Procedure Planning
Based on the protocol, the medical staff sets up the procedure parameters: spinal regions (cervical, thoracic, or lumbar), required traction force, and the exact trajectory of decompression.
Robotic Decompression
The patient is comfortably positioned in the system and secured with straps. Robotic components then apply precise force (rotation, flexion, lateralization, traction) to the affected spinal segments, gently stretching the spine and relieving pressure on pinched nerves.
Monitoring and Adjustment
Sensors continuously monitor the force applied and adjust the load in real time.
After the session, the physician evaluates the results.
Facts